The Business Climate Survey (BCS) 2021/22 presents findings of the second application of the enterprise survey conducted across 42 municipalities in three provinces of Western Nepal. The survey aimed to assess the overall business environment and provide a composite Business Climate Index (BCI) combining survey and secondary statistical data. The BCI is a critical tool for understanding local opportunities and challenges that in uence experiences and shape operational and investment decisions. Moreover, it allows comparative analysis over time and across territories that help make policies, enable public dialogue, design efficient interventions and fuel healthy competition between local markets.